This post is not intended to be a completely flushed out thought process. It’s merely something that I’ve been ruminating on for a while now and felt like I needed to get it out there into the world for discussion and debate with the hopes of developing my own thoughts and convictions more thoroughly through the process. So for this post I would encourage those of you who read this blog from the perspective of one of my parishioners to bear with me as I try to articulate what God has been laying on my heart with the expectation that my position will probably need some honing in the future.
Lately I’ve been thinking a lot about human rights. What constitutes a human right? Where do these rights come from? How does the exercise of my human rights affect or impinge upon the rights of others and who’s right is more right? It seems to me as a people we are becoming more and more obsessed with rights and making sure that ours our protected. The more magnanimous among us get wound up about the rights of others and how others still are denying them of those rights in the pursuit of their rights and best interests – but it seems everyone is concerned with making sure that rights are observed.
Lately it’s hit me in a number of poignant ways: First there were the different labour conflicts happening this spring/summer in my part of the world – workers talking about unfair wages, government subversion of the collective bargaining process and an undervaluing of professions. Meanwhile there was also a public backlash against organised labour by people complaining about their right to access timely medical care, for their kids to finish the school year, for their mail to arrive, etc (a lot of the Saskatchewan controversy had its roots in essential services legislation for some background for those living elsewhere).
Secondly there was the issue of same sex marriage as the state of New York became the sixth US state (and by far the largest) to allow the unions and once again the issue ignited even here in Canada (where it’s been legal for quite some time) over the conflict between the rights of the couples to marry and the rights of those performing marriages to act upon their conscience to not participate in them (a recent court ruling in Saskatchewan made it clear that for secular marriage commissioners, choice was an illusion –as a representative of the province they HAD to perform same sex marriages even if they found them morally objectionable on religious grounds).
And most recently as our nation celebrated its birthday (and three days later our neighbours to the south celebrated theirs) I took some time to ponder what the Canadian and American experience teach us about the issue of rights. What would Canada look like without the Charter of Rights and Freedoms? What would the USA be like were it not founded on the rights to “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness”? It all has gotten me wondering if we have any rights at all.
Now this is not one of those “choice is an illusion”, “we all live in the matrix”, “get out the tinfoil hats” sort of post. I’m not musing as to whether or not we are actually enjoying the rights we so desperately cling to – or if we are only led to believe that we are – I’m asking a bigger question: Is the concept of human rights an illusion in and of itself?
The more I study the Bible and think about what God says about our rights the more I realise that he is disconcertingly silent on the issue. When I do a search for the word “rights” on Biblegateway in my default TNIV translation I get 20 mentions in all of scripture – the vast majority of them dealing with the rights of an office, or the rights of the firstborn, or of a spouse in a family. Not inherent human rights – but conditional ones instead. If I take a look at a more literal translation like the NASB that frequency drops down to 10 instances, and if I look at a more historical translation like the KJV – translated before the enlightenment and the globalisation of this idea of intrinsic human rights – there are no instances found at all.
Even if we are to rule the KJV out of the equation and deal with strictly modern translations for an apples to apples comparison there are painfully few passages that affirm any sort of intrinsic set of human rights – the types that the American Founding Fathers held to be “self evident”.
The most common passages relate to our treatment of the poor and oppressed and they are found in the 31st chapter of Proverbs. Here is the passage in question from the TNIV:
It is not for kings, Lemuel—
it is not for kings to drink wine,
not for rulers to crave beer,
lest they drink and forget what has been decreed,
and deprive all the oppressed of their rights.
Let beer be for those who are perishing,
wine for those who are in anguish!
Let them drink and forget their poverty
and remember their misery no more.
Speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves,
for the rights of all who are destitute.
Speak up and judge fairly;
defend the rights of the poor and needy.
In this passage, the word translated here as rights is more aptly described in Strong’s Concordance as the cause of the poor, or the plight of the poor – or in a legislative and executive context like this one speaking to a king – as LEGAL rights. Those rights extended to a person by adherence to the law. Not as intrinsic entitlements by virtue of our humanity.
And that’s where I think we go astray in our culture of rights. We confuse the language of rights with the much uglier and less polite language of entitlement. Entitlement is what we think we deserve. Entitlement is what we think that people/society/the world/the “man”/God OWES us. Whereas rights tickle the ears with ideas of justice and freedoms and fairness, entitlement sounds to us like self-preservation, isolationism and greed. The truth of the matter is that everything we have is a gift – an unmerited act of mercy from a God who loves us more than we deserve; that the Earth is the Lord’s and everything in it (Psalm 24:1) and that every good and perfect gift comes down to us from our Heavenly Father (James 1:17) not because we are entitled to it, not because we have a “right” to it, but because he loves us. God owes us nothing, and neither does anyone else.
So if we abandon the concept of human rights – of intrinsic entitlements based upon our human uniqueness (one could even argue based upon the image bearing nature of humanity) how do we keep from descending into an ever downward spiral of unchecked self-interest, exploitation and abuse? How do we acknowledge the special “value” of each person (and through the cross of Christ God affirms once and forever the immeasurable value he places on each and every human being) without conferring unbiblical “rights” to them? We need to abandon the language of rights in favour of the language of responsibility.
Responsibility fits much better with the Biblical narrative that rights do. From the very beginning in the Garden of Eden when God created Adam and Eve he gave them not rights – but responsibilities (Genesis 1:28. 2:15); the intrinsic answer to the question posed to God by Cain, “am I my brother’s keeper” is yes; the character of Boaz in the book of Ruth is contrasted with the unnamed Kinsmen Redeemer as one who would fulfil his responsibilities in marrying Ruth and caring for her and Naomi; the prophets constantly berate the people of God for not fulfilling their responsibilities to the poor, the widowed, the alien and the orphan; Jesus elaborates on the ethic of the Kingdom of God laying upon his followers a difficult and even at times burdensome list of responsibilities about how to care for one another; and Paul travels around to all the Gentile churches persuading them of their responsibilities to help the poor in the Jerusalem church with an offering. I couldn’t begin to compile a list of all the places the Bible talks about our responsibilities to each other even if I tried – they are simply too many and too wide reaching. Being a Christian is not about having rights that we defend, but about having responsibilities that we fulfil.
So what does that mean practically? In short – I don’t know.
We can’t just change the very foundations of western democracies overnight. The language of human rights and entitlements is not going away anytime soon. We can’t simply ignore the rights of others and pretend they are not there – the law of the land still stands and if any of you were paying attention during my Canada Day weekend sermon you’ll remember that as Christ followers we are obligated by God to observe and keep the laws of the land. What we can try to do though is live with the Biblical mindset that we are a people of responsibilities and not rights. We can live out the ethic even if the law does not affirm it. Consider what a world built around a Biblical ethic of responsibilities rather than rights would look like:
A rights based world focuses on doing the bare minimum for anyone else and making sure someone is doing the maximum possible for me – a responsibilities based world trusts in God to meet my needs and instead focuses on doing as much as possible for others.
A rights based world promotes conflict because my rights are always more important than your rights, and when they clash someone has to win and someone has to lose –a responsibilities based world promotes cooperation and collaboration as we continually seek new ways to put the other person’s needs before our own (Philippians 2:3) and submit to one another out of reverence for Christ (Ephesians 5:21).
A rights based world promotes a poverty-mentality where there are a limited number of resources and a finite quantity of manpower that must both be hoarded rather than shared – a responsibilities based world promotes an abundance mentality where there is always something to share with someone who has less than we do.
A rights based world promotes sloth and laziness among many because they believe they are entitled to help when they are actually capable of helping themselves and others – a responsibilities based world promotes industriousness and sacrifice where we work hard to contribute and care for the less able.
This may all sound like pie-in-the-sky idealism at its most abstract and least helpful but it’s something that God has been consistently speaking to me about lately. Perhaps it’s only for my own personal edification (I can get caught up in an entitlement mentality as much as the next person) but I don’t feel like it is. So I’m sharing it with all of you in the blogosphere and inviting you to dialogue with me. Tell me what you think – where you think I’ve missed the boat, where you think I’ve misunderstood the Scriptures, where you think it just won’t work and where you find yourself in agreement with what I’ve shared (I need to hear those words too J ). Let’s talk about this and see if we can do a little something to change the world one person at a time.